DT FAQ: How are massive Modeling & Simulation and DE related?

How are massive Modeling & Simulation (ModSim) and Digital Twins related?

FAQ Variant(s): How does Parametric ModSim relate to Digital Twins?; How does Behavioral ModSim relate to Digital Twins?

Computer Modeling & Simulation (ModSim) of a system can be divided into two broad categories:

• Dynamic ModSim (a.k.a. Dynamic ModSim, Dynamic System Simulation, System Behavioral Simulation) refers to the capability of a computer program to execute the time-varying behavior of a system of interest. In general, with the exception of Use Case diagrams, SysML and UML 2 Behavior diagrams are potentially capable of Dynamic System Simulation.
• Mathematical ModSim (a.k.a. Mathematical ModSim, Parametric Simulation) refers to the capability of a computer program to execute a mathematical behavioral model of a system of interest, where the model is defined as a set of mathematical equations. When properly defined and applied, Parametric diagrams are capable of Mathematical ModSim; no other SysML or UML 2 diagrams are capable of this. The natural evolution of Mathematical M&S is Digital Physics, which is capable of modeling complex Systems-of-Systems using both deterministic and non-deterministic mathematics (the former are useful for Newtonial Mechanics with General Relativity extensions; the latter are useful for modeling Quantum Mechanics and Chaos Theory). For more information about Digital Physics, see the DT FAQ: What is Digital Physics? How does Digital Physics relate to Digital Engineering?.

So how do Mathematical ModSim and Behavioral ModSim relate to architecting and designing Digital Twins?

Massive Mathematical & Dynamic ModSim technologies provide the large-scale ModSim infrastructure for recursively simulating Physical Twins as Digital Twins. It is essential that mathematical (parametric) and dynamic (behavioral) simulations for Digital Twins are fully integrated and applied on a massive scale. Compare and contrast how massive data sets" and big data* fuel Machine Learning (ML) technology. Stated otherwise, if a Physical Twin is a "System-of-Systems", then a Digital Twin is a "Simulation-of-Simulations" for a "System-of-Systems".